Effective material properties such as the refractive index, impedance permittivity.Scattering and absorption cross sections.Field enhancement at different parts of the structures.– highly-diffractive optical metamaterial – assess split-ring resonators and optical antennas  efficiently capture and ■ =>superlenses (spatial resolution beyond) – structures with an effective negative index of refraction=>negative refraction. – dielectric response => can be engineered through semiconductor – period is shorter than the wavelength of light. – metallic elements on a dielectric or semiconducting substrate ■ Goal of many metamaterial simulations = design & measure  effective material properties of these ■ Design  engineer the composite 'atoms' of the metamaterials from natural materials with different ■ 'Meta' in Greek means 'beyond', or 'higher', 'alerted', or 'changed“ => metamaterials not found in ■ EM metamaterials = artificially engineered materials => designed to ■ Researchers  new materials  specific desired properties. ■ Natural materials exhibit  a small part of EM properties (theory). – Hybrid modes: non-zero electric and magnetic fields in the direction of propagation. These are sometimesĬalled E modes because there is only an electric field along the direction of propagation.

– Transverse magnetic (TM) modes: no magnetic field in the direction of propagation. Modes because there is only a magnetic field along the direction of propagation (H is the conventional symbol – Transverse electric (TE) modes: no electric field in the direction of propagation. – Transverse electromagnetic (TEM) modes: neither electric nor magnetic field in the direction of propagation. – In circular waveguides, circular modes exist and here m is the number of full-wave patterns along theĬircumference and n is the number of half-wave patterns along the diameter. Patterns across the height of the waveguide. – => m is the number of half-wave patterns across the width of the waveguide and n is the number of half-wave ■ In rectangular waveguides ->TEmn or TMmn, How to simulate Metamaterials using lumerical and Some literature Review

Fdtd lumerical examples